/* ==========================================================================
   nPower Ventures — platform.css
   Single shared stylesheet for all site pages (articles, blog, main site).
   Monochrome brand system; colourblind-safe (#1a1a1a dark / #767676 mid).
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  --brand: #1a1a1a;
  --brand-accent: #555555;
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-alt: #f5f5f5;
  --bg-dark: #111111;
  --text: #1a1a1a;
  --text-light: #666666;
  --text-inv: #e8e8e8;
  --border: #d4d4d4;
  --card-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  --max-w: 1080px;
  --reader-w: 800px;
  --brand-dark: #0d0d0d;
  --green: #27ae60;
  --red-soft: #e74c3c;
  --orange: #e67e22;
  --section-height: 900px;
  --pillar-height: 280px;
}

* { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 80px; }

body {
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Inter, Roboto, sans-serif;
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.7;
  font-size: 16px;
  background: var(--bg);
}
:lang(zh) body, body.lang-zh {
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'Noto Sans SC', sans-serif;
}

/* ===== NAV ================================================================ */
nav {
  position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.95);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding: 0 2rem;
}
nav .nav-inner {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; height: 60px;
}
nav .logo { display: flex; align-items: center; }
nav .logo img { height: 52px; }
nav .nav-right { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.25rem; }
nav .nav-links { display: flex; gap: 1.5rem; }
nav .nav-links a {
  text-decoration: none; color: var(--text-light); font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500; transition: color 0.2s;
}
nav .nav-links a:hover { color: var(--brand-accent); }

/* language toggle (EN / 中文) — inactive item is a link to the counterpart page */
.lang-toggle { display: inline-flex; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; }
.lang-toggle a {
  padding: 0.3rem 0.7rem; font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-light); background: var(--bg); transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.lang-toggle a.active { background: var(--brand); color: #fff; cursor: default; }
.lang-toggle a:not(.active):hover { background: var(--bg-alt); color: var(--brand-accent); }

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  nav { padding: 0 1rem; }
  nav .nav-links { display: none; }
}

/* ===== READER (individual article page) =================================== */
main.reader { max-width: var(--reader-w); margin: 0 auto; padding: 5.5rem 1.5rem 3.5rem; }

.article-meta {
  font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent); margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
}
h1.article-title {
  font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand);
  line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 1rem; letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.article-dek {
  font-size: 1.08rem; color: var(--text-light); font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1.6rem;
}
.article-rule { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); margin: 1.6rem 0; }

/* ===== ARTICLE HERO (cover image) ======================================== */
/* First element inside the reader, above the article meta. Spans the reader
   column at the cover's ~1.9:1 ratio, rounded like the exhibits. EN + ZH share
   the same image. */
.article-hero {
  margin: 0 0 1.6rem; width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1200 / 627;
  overflow: hidden; border-radius: 12px; background: var(--brand-dark);
}
.article-hero img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
@media (max-width: 520px) { .article-hero { margin-bottom: 1.1rem; } }

.article-body p { font-size: 1rem; color: #333; line-height: 1.75; margin-bottom: 1.15rem; }
.article-body h2 { font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.3; margin: 2.2rem 0 0.9rem; }
.article-body h3 { font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.35; margin: 1.8rem 0 0.8rem; }
.article-body strong { color: var(--brand); }
.article-body ul { margin: 0 0 1.15rem 1.2rem; }
.article-body ul li { font-size: 1rem; color: #333; line-height: 1.75; margin-bottom: 0.7rem; }

/* standalone emphasis line */
.article-body .callout {
  font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.4;
  margin: 1.8rem 0; padding-left: 1rem; border-left: 4px solid var(--brand);
}
/* pull quote (blockquote) */
.article-body blockquote {
  margin: 1.8rem 0; padding: 0.2rem 0 0.2rem 1.2rem; border-left: 4px solid var(--brand-accent);
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; font-style: italic; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.45;
}

/* ===== EXHIBITS =========================================================== */
figure.exhibit {
  border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 12px; background: white;
  padding: 1.4rem 1.5rem 1.1rem; margin: 1.9rem 0;
}
.ex-label { font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent); margin-bottom: 0.25rem; }
.ex-title { font-size: 0.98rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 1.1rem; color: var(--brand); }
.ex-src { font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-light); opacity: 0.85; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--bg-alt); padding-top: 0.7rem; }
.ex-panels { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr); gap: 2rem; }
.ex-panel-h { font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 0.7rem; color: var(--brand); }
.ex-row { margin-bottom: 0.65rem; }
.ex-row .ex-lab { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 0.2rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.5rem; }
.ex-row .ex-lab .ex-val { font-weight: 700; color: var(--text); white-space: nowrap; }
.ex-track { background: var(--bg-alt); border-radius: 4px; height: 14px; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.ex-bar { height: 100%; border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0; }
.ex-bar.ev { background: #1a1a1a; }
.ex-bar.ice { background: #767676; }
.ex-legend { display: flex; gap: 1.2rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-light); }
.ex-legend span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.35rem; }
.ex-sw { width: 12px; height: 12px; border-radius: 3px; display: inline-block; }
.ex-band-note { font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-light); opacity: 0.8; margin-top: 0.35rem; }
.ex-utrack { background: var(--bg-alt); border-radius: 4px; height: 18px; position: relative; }
.ex-ubar { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0; }
.ex-urange { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; background: repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(26,26,26,0.28) 0 4px, rgba(26,26,26,0.08) 4px 8px); border-left: 2px solid #1a1a1a; border-right: 2px solid #1a1a1a; }
.ex-uscale { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; font-size: 0.68rem; color: var(--text-light); opacity: 0.8; margin-top: 0.3rem; }
figure.exhibit table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.8rem; }
figure.exhibit th, figure.exhibit td { text-align: left; padding: 0.5rem 0.55rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bg-alt); vertical-align: top; line-height: 1.45; }
figure.exhibit th { font-size: 0.7rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; color: var(--brand-accent); }
figure.exhibit td:first-child { color: var(--text-light); }
figure.exhibit td.strong { font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand); }

/* ===== SOURCES / COPYRIGHT / FOOTER ====================================== */
.article-sources {
  margin-top: 2rem; padding-top: 1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-light); opacity: 0.8; line-height: 1.6;
}
.article-sources a { color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; }
.article-sources a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.article-copyright {
  margin-top: 1.5rem; padding: 1rem 1.2rem; background: var(--bg-alt); border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.6;
}
.article-copyright strong { color: var(--brand); }

.back-row { text-align: center; margin-top: 2.5rem; }
.back-row a {
  display: inline-block; padding: 0.7rem 2rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 8px;
  color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; font-size: 0.88rem; font-weight: 600;
  transition: background 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
}
.back-row a:hover { background: var(--bg-alt); border-color: var(--brand-accent); }

/* ===== RESPONSIVE ========================================================= */
@media (max-width: 640px) { .ex-panels { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.2rem; } }
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  h1.article-title { font-size: 1.55rem; }
  .article-dek { font-size: 1rem; }
  main.reader { padding-top: 5rem; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  figure.exhibit { padding: 1.1rem 1rem 0.9rem; }
  figure.exhibit table { font-size: 0.72rem; }
  figure.exhibit th, figure.exhibit td { padding: 0.4rem 0.35rem; }
  .article-body .callout { font-size: 1.05rem; }
  .article-body blockquote { font-size: 1.05rem; }
}

/* ===== ARTICLE LAYOUT + SKELETON INDEX ==================================== */
/* Two-column article: a sticky "skeleton" index (all articles, newest first,
   the open one expanded to its section outline) beside the reader. Generated
   by scripts/md2html.js. Collapses to a <details> strip below 900px. */
.layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 244px minmax(0, var(--reader-w));
  gap: 3rem; justify-content: center;
  padding: 5.25rem 1.5rem 3rem;            /* clears the 60px fixed nav */
}
.layout > main.reader { max-width: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

/* rail wrapper is sticky; the home button stays put even when the index
   collapses on mobile */
.rail { position: sticky; top: 84px; align-self: start; }
.sk-home {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand);
  padding: 0.5rem 0.7rem; margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 8px; background: var(--bg-alt);
  transition: border-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.sk-home:hover { border-color: var(--brand-accent); color: var(--brand-accent); }
.sk-home svg { display: block; }

.skeleton { display: block; }
.skeleton > summary {
  list-style: none; cursor: default;
  font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brand-accent); padding-bottom: 0.7rem; margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.skeleton > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.sk-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.sk-item {
  display: block; text-decoration: none; padding: 0.5rem 0 0.5rem 0.9rem;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent; color: var(--text-light);
}
.sk-item .sk-title { font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--brand); display: block; }
.sk-item .sk-meta { font-size: 0.68rem; letter-spacing: 0.4px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--text-light); opacity: 0.75; margin-top: 0.15rem; display: block; }
.sk-item:not(.active):hover .sk-title { color: var(--brand-accent); }
.sk-item.active { border-left-color: var(--brand); }
.sk-item.active .sk-title { font-weight: 800; }

.sk-outline { display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin: 0.1rem 0 0.5rem 0.9rem; border-left: 1px solid var(--border); }
.sk-outline a {
  text-decoration: none; font-size: 0.78rem; line-height: 1.35; color: var(--text-light);
  padding: 0.32rem 0 0.32rem 0.85rem; border-left: 2px solid transparent; margin-left: -1px;
}
.sk-outline a:hover { color: var(--brand); border-left-color: var(--brand-accent); }

/* "All perspectives" link at the foot of the rail (overflow beyond the cap) */
.sk-archive {
  display: inline-block; margin: 1rem 0 0 0.9rem;
  font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.sk-archive:hover { color: var(--brand); }

/* shared top back-link (archive page, and anywhere else it's used) */
.backlink { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.4rem; font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.backlink:hover { color: var(--brand); }

/* ===== ARCHIVE PAGE (full catalogue) ===================================== */
main.archive { max-width: var(--reader-w); margin: 0 auto; padding: 5.5rem 1.5rem 3.5rem; }
.archive-title { font-size: 1.8rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand); margin: 0.3rem 0 1.4rem; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.arch-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.arch-item { display: block; text-decoration: none; padding: 1.2rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.arch-item:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.arch-meta { font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent); margin-bottom: 0.35rem; }
.arch-title { font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.3; }
.arch-item:hover .arch-title { color: var(--brand-accent); }
.arch-dek { font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.55; margin-top: 0.35rem; }

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.4rem; padding-top: 4.75rem; }
  .rail { position: static; }
  /* The Perspectives document map is a desktop-only aid. On mobile users just
     read top-to-bottom, so hide the map and keep only "Back to Home" above the
     article. Full catalogue stays reachable via Home -> Perspectives (archive). */
  .skeleton { display: none; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   HOMEPAGE (nPower.html) — migrated from inline <style>. Homepage-only nav/
   mobile-menu rules are scoped under body.home so article pages are untouched.
   ========================================================================== */
/* NAV — base nav/nav-inner/logo/nav-links rules are shared from the section above
   (do NOT redeclare them here; doing so overrides the mobile-hide media query). */

  /* LANG TOGGLE */
  body.home .lang-toggle {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0; margin-left: 1.5rem; flex-shrink: 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 0.78rem;
  }
  .lang-toggle button {
    background: none; border: none; padding: 0.35rem 0.65rem; cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 600; color: var(--text-light); transition: all 0.2s; font-size: 0.78rem;
  }
  .lang-toggle button.active { background: var(--brand); color: white; }
  .lang-toggle button:not(.active):hover { background: var(--bg-alt); }

  /* MOBILE NAV */
  .nav-toggle { display: none; background: none; border: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 0.5rem; }
  .nav-toggle span { display: block; width: 22px; height: 2px; background: var(--brand); margin: 5px 0; transition: 0.3s; }
  @media (max-width: 900px) {
    body.home nav .nav-links {
      display: none; position: absolute; top: 60px; left: 0; right: 0;
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.98); backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
      flex-direction: column; padding: 1rem 2rem; gap: 0.5rem;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    }
    body.home nav .nav-links.open { display: flex; }
    body.home nav .nav-links a { padding: 0.5rem 0; font-size: 0.95rem; white-space: normal; }
    body.home .nav-toggle { display: block; }
    body.home .lang-toggle { margin-left: auto; margin-right: 0.5rem; }
  }

  /* HERO */
  .hero {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, #1a1a1a 50%, #2a2a2a 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 18rem 0rem 18rem;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
  }
  .hero::after {
    content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0;
    background: url('hero-backdrop.png') no-repeat right bottom / 75%;
    opacity: 0.8;
    pointer-events: none;
    mask-image: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0) 45%);
    -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0) 45%);
  }
  .hero .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: 800; margin-bottom: 1rem; line-height: 1.3; max-width: 800px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
  .hero .hero-sub { font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--text-inv); opacity: 0.85; max-width: 700px; margin: 0 auto 2.5rem; line-height: 1.6; }
  .hero .stat-row { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 3rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 2rem; }
  .hero .stat { text-align: center; }
  .hero .stat .num { font-size: 2.5rem; font-weight: 800; color: #999999; }
  .hero .stat .desc { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-inv); opacity: 0.7; margin-top: 0.25rem; }

  /* SECTIONS */
  section {
    min-height: var(--section-height);
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
    position: relative;
  }
  section.alt { background: var(--bg-alt); }
  section.dark {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, #1a1a1a 100%); color: white;
  }
  .container { max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; }
  .hero .container { max-width: 100%; padding: 0; }
  .section-label {
    font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent); margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  }
  section.dark .section-label { color: #999999; }
  .section-title {
    font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem; line-height: 1.3;
  }
  section.dark .section-title { color: white; }
  .section-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--text-light); margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
  }
  section.dark .section-subtitle { color: var(--text-inv); opacity: 0.8; }

  /* CARDS */
  .card-grid {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;
  }
  .card {
    background: white; border-radius: 12px; padding: 1.8rem;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
  }
  .card:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 4px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); }
  section.dark .card { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.07); border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); }
  section.dark .card:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }
  .card h3 { font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 0.4rem; color: var(--brand); }
  section.dark .card h3 { color: #999999; }
  .card p, .card li { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.5; }
  section.dark .card p, section.dark .card li { color: var(--text-inv); opacity: 0.8; }
  .card ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin-top: 0.5rem; }
  .card ul li { padding: 0.25rem 0 0.25rem 1.2rem; position: relative; }
  .card ul li::before {
    content: "\2022"; position: absolute; left: 0; color: var(--brand-accent); font-weight: 700;
  }

  /* ICON-TITLE ROW — shared layout for card headers and pillar headers */
  .icon-title-row {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
  }
  .icon-title-row .row-icon {
    font-size: 1.8rem; flex-shrink: 0; line-height: 1;
  }
  .icon-title-row .row-icon-img {
    height: 3rem; flex-shrink: 0;
    /* Normalise all icons to a consistent monochrome look on light sections */
    filter: grayscale(1) contrast(1.1) brightness(0.55);
  }
  /* On dark sections, render icons as light monochrome instead */
  section.dark .icon-title-row .row-icon-img {
    filter: grayscale(1) brightness(1.7);
  }
  .icon-title-row h3 { margin-bottom: 0; }

  /* PILLARS */
  .pillars { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr)); gap: 1.5rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
  .pillar {
    text-align: left; padding: 2rem 1.5rem; border-radius: 12px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.07); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  }
  .pillar h3 { font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; color: #999999; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
  .pillar p, .pillar li { font-size: 0.86rem; color: var(--text-inv); opacity: 0.8; line-height: 1.5; }
  .pillar ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin-top: 0.5rem; }
  .pillar ul li { padding: 0.2rem 0 0.2rem 1.2rem; position: relative; }
  .pillar ul li::before { content: "\2022"; position: absolute; left: 0; color: #999999; }

  /* GRID COLUMN VARIANTS — one row of equal-sized boxes on wide screens,
     stacked full-width boxes on narrow/portrait screens (see 768px media query) */
  .grid-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }

  /* PERSPECTIVES SWIPER BAND — sits directly under the hero */
  .persp-band {
    background: var(--bg-alt); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 2.4rem 0 2.6rem;
  }
  .persp-head {
    max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem;
    display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.3rem;
  }
  .persp-label {
    font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent);
  }
  .persp-viewall { font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
  .persp-viewall:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

  .swiper-wrap { position: relative; max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; }
  .swiper {
    display: flex; gap: 1rem; overflow-x: auto;
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory; scroll-behavior: smooth;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; padding-bottom: 0.6rem; scrollbar-width: none;
  }
  .swiper::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .p-card {
    flex: 0 0 95%; scroll-snap-align: start;
    background: white; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow); padding: 1.6rem;
    display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-height: 210px;
    transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  .p-card:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 4px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); }
  .p-meta {
    font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent); margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
  }
  .p-title { font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
  .p-excerpt { font-size: 0.86rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
  .p-more { margin-top: auto; font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; }
  .p-more:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
  .p-card.viewall { align-items: center; justify-content: center; text-align: center; border-style: dashed; }
  .p-card.viewall .viewall-text { font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand); }
  .swiper-btn { display: none; }
  @media (min-width: 1024px) {
    .p-card { flex-basis: calc((100% - 2rem) / 3); }
    .swiper-btn {
      display: flex; position: absolute; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%);
      width: 40px; height: 40px; border-radius: 50%; background: white;
      border: 1px solid var(--border); box-shadow: var(--card-shadow);
      align-items: center; justify-content: center; cursor: pointer; z-index: 5;
    }
    .swiper-btn.prev { left: 4px; }
    .swiper-btn.next { right: 4px; }
    .swiper-btn svg { width: 18px; height: 18px; stroke: var(--brand-accent); fill: none; stroke-width: 2.5; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; }
  }

  /* SUPPLIER CO-INVESTOR FLYWHEEL — feature band inside Section 04 */
  .flywheel {
    margin-top: 2.5rem; background: white; border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: var(--card-shadow); padding: 2rem 1.8rem;
  }
  .flywheel .fw-label {
    font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 2.5px;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--brand-accent); margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  }
  .flywheel .fw-title { font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--brand); line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 0.6rem; }
  .flywheel .fw-intro { font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.55; margin-bottom: 1.6rem; max-width: 720px; }
  .fw-steps { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; }
  .fw-step { position: relative; padding: 0 0.6rem; }
  .fw-step:not(:last-child)::after {
    content: "\2192"; position: absolute; right: -0.75rem; top: 1.6rem;
    color: var(--brand-accent); font-size: 1.1rem; opacity: 0.6;
  }
  .fw-num {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: 2rem; height: 2rem; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--brand); color: white;
    font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
  }
  .fw-step h4 { font-size: 0.92rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand); margin-bottom: 0.3rem; line-height: 1.3; }
  .fw-step p { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.5; }
  @media (max-width: 768px) {
    .fw-steps { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.3rem; }
    .fw-step { padding: 0; }
    .fw-step:not(:last-child)::after {
      content: "\2193"; right: auto; left: 0.7rem; top: auto; bottom: -1rem;
    }
  }

  /* TEAM */
  .team-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
  .team-card {
    background: white; border-radius: 12px; padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow); border: 1px solid var(--border);
  }
  .team-card h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--brand); margin-bottom: 0.3rem; }
  .team-card .role { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--brand-accent); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
  .team-card p { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-light); line-height: 1.5; }
  .team-card a { color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; font-size: 0.82rem; }
  .team-card a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

  /* SOURCE CITATIONS */
  .source-note {
    margin-top: 2rem; font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-light); opacity: 0.7; line-height: 1.5;
  }
  .source-note a { color: var(--brand-accent); text-decoration: none; }
  .source-note a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

  /* NEXT-SECTION ARROW */
  .next-arrow {
    position: absolute; right: 2rem; bottom: 2rem;
    width: 36px; height: 36px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    text-decoration: none; border-radius: 4px;
    background: rgba(100,100,100,0.08); border: 1px solid rgba(100,100,100,0.15);
    transition: background 0.3s, border-color 0.3s;
  }
  .next-arrow:hover {
    background: rgba(100,100,100,0.18); border-color: rgba(100,100,100,0.35);
  }
  .next-arrow svg {
    width: 16px; height: 16px; fill: none; stroke: var(--brand-accent);
    stroke-width: 2.5; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round;
  }
  section.dark .next-arrow {
    background: rgba(100,100,100,0.08); border-color: rgba(100,100,100,0.15);
  }
  section.dark .next-arrow:hover {
    background: rgba(100,100,100,0.2); border-color: rgba(100,100,100,0.35);
  }
  section.dark .next-arrow svg { stroke: #999999; }

  /* RESPONSIVE */
  /* DESKTOP: perspective cards embedded in the hero (one continuous dark section) */
  @media (min-width: 1025px) {
    section.hero { min-height: auto; padding: 5.25rem 0 0;
      background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, #191919 60%); }
    .hero .next-arrow { display: none; }
    .hero .hero-sub { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
    .persp-band { background: #191919; border-bottom: none; margin-top: 0; padding: 0.25rem 0 3rem; }
    .persp-label { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); }
    .swiper-btn { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08); border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.18); }
    .swiper-btn svg { stroke: #ffffff; }
    .hero .container { padding: 5% 20%; }     /* ← left/right side padding (change 4rem to taste) */
    .hero h1       { max-width: none; }       /* ← title spans full width */
    .hero .hero-sub{ max-width: none; }       /* ← sub-title spans full width */
  }

  @media (max-width: 1024px) {
    :root { --section-height: auto; --pillar-height: auto; }
    section { min-height: auto; padding: 3rem 1.5rem; }
    .hero { padding: 10rem 1.5rem 8rem; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 2rem; max-width: 600px; }
    .section-title { font-size: 1.7rem; }
  }
  @media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero { padding: 30% 10% 10% 10%; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 1.8rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
    .hero .stat-row { gap: 1.5rem; }
    .hero .stat .num { font-size: 2rem; }
    .section-title { font-size: 1.5rem; }
    .section-subtitle { font-size: 0.95rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
    section { padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem; }
    .team-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .pillars { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .card-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .grid-2, .grid-3, .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  }
  @media (max-width: 480px) {
    nav { padding: 0 1rem; }
    .hero { padding: 30% 10% 5% 5%; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
    .hero .hero-sub { font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .hero .stat-row { gap: 1rem; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }
    section { padding: 2rem 1rem; }
    .card { padding: 1.2rem; }
    .next-arrow { width: 30px; height: 30px; right: 1rem; bottom: 1rem; }
    .next-arrow svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; }
  }